Tra từ turn - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

turn [turn turns turned turning] verb, noun BrE [tɜːn] NAmE [tɜːrn]
verb

MOVE ROUND
1. intransitive, transitive to move or make sth move around a central point
• The wheels of the car began to turn.
• I can't get the screw to turn.
•~ sth (+ adv./prep.) He turned the key in the lock.
•She turned the wheel sharply to the left.

CHANGE POSITION/DIRECTION
2. intransitive, transitive to move your body or part of your body so as to face or start moving in a different direction
• We turned and headed for home.
• She turned to look at me.
•+ adv./prep. He turned back to his work.
•I turned away and looked out of the window.
•~ sth (+ adv./prep.) He turned his back to the wall.
•She turned her head away.
see also ↑turn over
3. transitive ~ sth + adv./prep. to move sth so that it is in a different position or facing a different direction
• She turned the chair on its side to repair it.
• Turn the sweater inside out before you wash it.
see also ↑turn over
4. intransitive, transitive to change the direction you are moving or travelling in; to make sth change the direction it is moving in
•~ (into sth) He turned into a narrow street.
•~ sth The man turned the corner and disappeared.
•~ sth into sth I turned the car into the car park.
5. intransitive (+ adv./prep.) (of a road or river)to curve in a particular direction
• The road turns to the left after the church.
• The river turns north at this point.

AIM/POINT
6. transitive, intransitive to aim or point sth in a particular direction
•~ sth (on/to sb/sth/yourself) Police turned water cannon on the rioters.
• He turned the gun on himself.
•She looked at him then turned her attention back to me.
•~ to sb/sth/yourself His thoughts turned to his dead wife.

OF TIDE IN SEA
7. intransitive to start to come in or go out
•The tide is turning— we'd better get back.

LET SB/STH GO
8. transitive to make or let sb/sth go into a particular place or state
•~ sth + adv./prep. They turned the horse into the field.
•~ sth + adj. to turn the dogs loose

FOLD
9. transitive ~ sth + adv./prep. to fold sth in a particular way
• She turned down the blankets and climbed into bed.
• He turned up the collar of his coat and hurried out into the rain.

CARTWHEEL/SOMERSAULT
10. transitive, no passive ~ sth to perform a movement by moving your body in a circle
•to turn cartwheels/somersaults

PAGE
11. transitive, intransitive if you turn a page of a book or magazine, you move it so that you can read the next page
•~ sth He sat turning the pages idly.
•~ to sth Turn to p.23.

GAME
12. intransitive, transitive ~ (sth) (around) if a game turns or sb turns it, it changes the way it is developing so that a different person or team starts to win

BECOME
13. linking verb to change into a particular state or condition; to make sth do this
•+ adj. The leaves were turning brown.
• The weather has turned cold.
•He turned nasty when we refused to give him the money.
•He decided to turn professional.
•~ sth + adj. The heat turned the milk sour.
•+ noun She turned a deathly shade of white when she heard the news.
•He's a lawyer turned politician (= he used to be a lawyer but is now a politician).

AGE/TIME
14. linking verb (not used in the progressive tenses)+ noun to reach or pass a particular age or time
•She turns 21 in June.
•It's turned midnight.

STOMACH
15. intransitive, transitive ~ (your stomach) when your stomach turns or sth turns your stomach, you feel as though you will ↑vomit

WOOD
16. transitive ~ sth to shape sth on a ↑lathe
•to turn a chair leg
•turned boxes and bowls
Rem: Most idioms containing turn are at the entries for the nouns and adjectives in the idioms, for example not turn a hair is at hair.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Old English tyrnan, turnian (verb), from Latin tornare, from tornus ‘lathe’, from Greek tornos ‘lathe, circular movement’; probably reinforced in Middle English by Old French turner. The noun (Middle English) is partly from Anglo-Norman French tourn, partly from the verb.

Synonyms:
return
come back • go back • get back • turn back
These words all mean to come or go back from one place to another.
return • to come or go back from one place to another: ▪ I waited a long time for him to return.
Return is slightly more formal than the other words in this group, and is used more often in writing or formal speech.
come back • to return. Come back is usually used from the point of view of the person or place that sb returns to: ▪ Come back and visit again soon!
go back • to return to the place you recently or originally came from or that you have been to before. Go back is usually used from the point of view of the person who is returning: ▪ Do you ever want to go back to China?
get back • to arrive back somewhere, especially at your home or the place where you are staying: ▪ What time did you get back last night?
turn back • to return the way that you came, especially because sth stops you from continuing: ▪ The weather got so bad that we had to turn back.
to return/come back/go back/get back to/from/with sth
to return/come back/go back/get back/turn back again
to return/come back/go back/get back home/to work
to return/come back/get back safely

Synonyms:
become / get / go / turn
These verbs are used frequently with the following adjectives:

Become is more formal than get. Both describe changes in people’s emotional or physical state, or natural or social changes.
Go is usually used for negative changes.
Go and turn are both used for changes of colour.
Turn is also used for changes in the weather.

Example Bank:
•He's a lawyer turned politician.
•They say her hair turned white overnight.
•to turn blue/red/white
•to turn cold/warm/chilly
•to turn nasty/mean/sour/bad
•Anne flushed and turned her head away.
•Don't turn your anger on the children.
•He claimed that his disturbed childhood had turned him into a criminal.
•He tried to forget the events of past few days and turned his thoughts to practical tasks.
•He turned left into a narrow street.
•His beloved father had turned into a tyrant.
•I managed to turn the whole thing into a joke.
•Lee turned to face her.
•Many supporters are now turning their criticism on the manager.
•She looked at him, then turned her attention back to me.
•She turned the meeting into a public relations exercise.
•She turned the steering wheel as far as it would go.
•The blades of the helicopter were turning slowly.
•The leaves gradually turn from green to orange.
•The natural sugars turn into alcohol during brewing.
•The ordeal she had expected had turned into fun.
•The problem turned into an advantage.
•The slight drizzle turned into a downpour.
•There are plans to turn the old station into a hotel.
•What began as a minor disagreement has turned into a major crisis.
•While his back was turned I sneaked a look at his notes.
•With a wave of her wand, she turned him into a frog.
Idioms: ↑as it turned out ▪ ↑at every turn ▪ ↑done to a turn ▪ ↑give somebody a turn ▪ good turn ▪ ↑in turn ▪ ↑on the turn ▪ ↑one good turn deserves another ▪ ↑take turns ▪ ↑talk out of turn ▪ ↑turn of mind ▪ ↑turn of phrase ▪ ↑turn of speed ▪ ↑turn of the screw ▪ ↑turn of the year ▪ ↑turn round and do something ▪ well/badly turned out
Derived: ↑turn against somebody ▪ ↑turn back ▪ ↑turn in ▪ ↑turn in on yourself ▪ ↑turn into something ▪ ↑turn off ▪ ↑turn off something ▪ ↑turn on somebody ▪ ↑turn on something ▪ ↑turn out ▪ ↑turn over ▪ ↑turn over something ▪ ↑turn round ▪ ↑turn somebody against somebody ▪ ↑turn somebody away ▪ ↑turn somebody back ▪ ↑turn somebody down ▪ ↑turn somebody in ▪ ↑turn somebody into something ▪ ↑turn somebody off ▪ ↑turn somebody on ▪ ↑turn somebody out ▪ ↑turn somebody over to somebody ▪ ↑turn somebody round ▪ ↑turn something down ▪ ↑turn something in ▪ ↑turn something off ▪ ↑turn something on ▪ ↑turn something out ▪ ↑turn something over ▪ ↑turn something over to somebody ▪ ↑turn something over to something ▪ ↑turn something round ▪ ↑turn something up ▪ ↑turn to somebody ▪ ↑turn up

noun countable

MOVEMENT
1. an act of turning sb/sth around
• Give the handle a few turns.

OF ROAD/VEHICLE
2. a change in direction in a vehicle
•Make a left/right turn into West Street.
see also ↑three-point turn, ↑U-turn
3. (especially NAmE) (BrE also turn·ing)a place where a road leads away from the one you are travelling on
4. a bend or corner in a road
•a lane full of twists and turns

TIME
5. the time when sb in a group of people should or is allowed to do sth
• When it's your turn, take another card.
• Please wait your turn.
•Whose turn is it to cook?
•Steve took a turn driving while I slept.

CHANGE
6. an unusual or unexpected change in what is happening
•a surprising turn of events
•His health has taken a turn for the worse (= suddenly got worse).
•Events took a dramatic turn in the weeks that followed.
•The book is, by turns, funny and very sad.
see also ↑about-turn

PERFORMANCE
7. a short performance or piece of entertainment such as a song, etc
•Everyone got up on stage to do a turn.
see also ↑star turn

WALK
8. (old-fashioned)a short walk
•We took a turn around the park.

ILLNESS
9. (old-fashioned)a feeling of illness
•a funny turn (= a feeling that you may faint)
•Grandma had one of her turns.
more at not do a hand's turn at ↑hand _n., serve your/its turn at ↑serve _v.

Word Origin:
Old English tyrnan, turnian (verb), from Latin tornare, from tornus ‘lathe’, from Greek tornos ‘lathe, circular movement’; probably reinforced in Middle English by Old French turner. The noun (Middle English) is partly from Anglo-Norman French tourn, partly from the verb.

Example Bank:
•Batista had batted out of turn.
•Be patient and wait your turn!
•By the time it came to my turn to sing, I was a bag of nerves.
•Can I have a turn?
•Events took a surprising turn.
•Every time she did a flip turn, she made a large splash.
•Give Sarah a turn on the swing.
•He made a sudden turn to the right.
•He quickly gives the handle a slight turn.
•He seems to have taken an abrupt career turn with his new movie.
•He took a wrong turn and ended up on the coast road.
•Her career took an unexpected turn when she moved to New York.
•I'll take a turn making the dinner— you have a rest.
•I'm afraid Grandma has taken a turn for the worse.
•I'm writing to you out of turn because I have some very important news.
•If you can't put any cards down you have to miss a turn.
•In a dramatic turn of events she took control of the company into her own hands.
•It marks a major turn in this presidency.
•It slowly spun for three complete turns.
•It's impossible to follow all the twists and turns of the plot.
•Our luck is on the turn.
•Schuler's life took a radical turn when he became obsessed with horses.
•She had not been friendly to Pete and he, in his turn, was cold to her when she came to stay.
•She stopped talking as she negotiated a particularly sharp turn.
•Slow down as you enter the turn
•Syd executed each turn perfectly.
•Take the next turn on the right.
•The battle took an unfortunate turn.
•The car skidded around a hairpin turn.
•The children took turns on the swing.
•The trial has taken an even more bizarre turn today.
•The video market took an interesting turn in the mid 1980s.
•There was a screech as the car rounded a tight turn.
•They gave their names in turn.
•This movie is by turn terrifying and very funny.
•Tinker makes the tight turns look easy.
•When my turn finally came, I was shaking with nerves.
•a full turn of the handle to the right
•a lane full of twists and turns
•a quick turn of his head
•Make a right turn into West street.
•Rotate the image through a quarter turn.
•The male and female birds take turns sitting on the eggs.
•The narrow lane was full of twists and turns.
•When it's your turn, take another card.
•Whose turn is it to cook?

See also: ↑take it in turns ▪ ↑turning