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Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th
fat
fat [fat fats fatted fatting fatter fattest] adjective, noun BrE [fæt] NAmE [fæt]
adjective (fat·ter, fat·test)
1. (of a person's or an animal's body)having too much flesh on it and weighing too much
•a big fat man/woman
• You'll get fat if you eat so much chocolate.
• He grew fatter and fatter.
•fat flabby legs
Opp: ↑thin
2. thick or wide
•a fat volume on American history
3. only before noun (informal)large in quantity; worth a lot of money
•a fat sum/profit
•He gave me a nice fat cheque.
Word Origin:
Old English fǣtt ‘well fed, plump’, also ‘fatty, oily’, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vet and German feist.
Thesaurus:
fat adj.
•A big fat man walked into the room.
overweight • |often approving plump • • chubby • |especially BrE stout • |formal medical obese •
Opp: thin
a/an fat/overweight/plump/chubby/stout/obese man/woman/child
a fat/plump/chubby/stout body
fat/plump/chubby arms/cheeks/fingers/legs/hands
Word Family:
fat adjective
fatty adjective
fatten verb
fattening adjective
Vocabulary Building:
Saying that somebody is fat
Fat is the most common and direct word, but it is not polite to say to someone that they are fat: ▪ Does this dress make me look fat? ◇ You’re looking fat now.
Overweight is a more neutral word: ▪ I’m a bit overweight. It can also mean too fat, especially so that you are not fit.
Large or heavy is less offensive than fat: ▪ She’s a rather large woman. Big describes someone who is tall as well as fat: ▪ Her sister is a big girl, isn’t she?
Plump means slightly fat in an attractive way, often used to describe women.
Chubby is used mainly to describe babies and children who are fat in a pleasant, healthy-looking way: ▪ the baby’s chubby cheeks
Tubby (informal) is used in a friendly way to describe people who are short and round, especially around the stomach.
Stocky is a neutral word and means fairly short, broad and strong.
Stout is often used to describe older people who have a round and heavy appearance: ▪ a short stout man with a bald head
Flabby describes flesh that is fat and loose: ▪ exercises to firm up flabby thighs
Obese is used by doctors to describe people who are so fat that they are unhealthy. It is also used in a general way to mean ‘really fat’.
Note that although people talk a lot about their own size or weight, it is generally not considered polite to refer to a person’s large size or their weight when you talk to them.
note at ↑thin
Example Bank:
•I was sitting next to a big fat man.
•Try to cut out the foods that are making you fat.
•a big fat envelope stuffed with banknotes
•A big fat man walked into the room.
•I was ashamed of my fat flabby legs.
•You'll get fat if you eat so much chocolate.
Idioms: ↑fat chance ▪ fat lot of good/use ▪ ↑it's not over until the fat lady sings
Derived Word: ↑fatness
noun
1. uncountable a white or yellow substance in the bodies of animals and humans, stored under the skin
•excess body fat
• This ham has too much fat on it.
2. countable, uncountable a solid or liquid substance from animals or plants, treated so that it becomes pure for use in cooking
• Cook the meat in shallow fat.
3. countable, uncountable animal and vegetable fats, when you are thinking of them as part of what a person eats
• You should cut down on fats and carbohydrates.
•foods which are low in fat
•reduced-fat margarines
see chew the fat at ↑chew v., live off the fat of the land at ↑live 1
Word Origin:
Old English fǣtt ‘well fed, plump’, also ‘fatty, oily’, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch vet and German feist.
Thesaurus:
fat noun U, C
•Cook the meat in shallow fat.
butter • • oil • • margarine • • lard • • spread • • blubber • |disapproving grease •
vegetable fat/oil/margarine
fry/cook sth in fat/butter/oil/margarine/lard
heat the fat/butter/oil
Word Family:
fat adjective
fatty adjective
fatten verb
fattening adjective
Collocations:
Diet and exercise
Weight
put on/gain/lose weight/a few kilos/a few pounds
watch/control/struggle with your weight
be/become seriously overweight/underweight
be/become clinically/morbidly obese
achieve/facilitate/promote/stimulate weight loss
slim down to 70 kilos/(BrE) 11 stone/(especially NAmE) 160 pounds
combat/prevent/tackle/treat obesity
develop/have/suffer from/struggle with/recover from anorexia/bulimia/an eating disorder
be on/go on/follow a crash/strict diet
have/suffer from a negative/poor body image
have/develop a positive/healthy body image
Healthy eating
eat a balanced diet/healthily/sensibly
get/provide/receive adequate/proper nutrition
contain/get/provide essential nutrients/vitamins/minerals
be high/low in calories/fat/fibre/(especially US) fiber/protein/vitamin D/Omega-3 fatty acids
contain (no)/use/be full of/be free from additives/chemical preservatives/artificial sweeteners
avoid/cut down on/cut out alcohol/caffeine/fatty foods
stop/give up/ (especially NAmE) quit smoking
Exercise
(BrE) take regular exercise
do moderate/strenuous/vigorous exercise
play football/hockey/tennis
go cycling/jogging/running
go to/visit/ (especially NAmE) hit/work out at the gym
strengthen/tone/train your stomach muscles
contract/relax/stretch/use/work your lower-body muscles
build (up)/gain muscle
improve/increase your stamina/energy levels/physical fitness
burn/consume/expend calories
Staying healthy
be/get/keep/stay healthy/in shape/(especially BrE) fit
lower your cholesterol/blood pressure
boost/stimulate/strengthen your immune system
prevent/reduce the risk of heart disease/high blood pressure/diabetes/osteoporosis
reduce/relieve/manage/combat stress
enhance/promote relaxation/physical and mental well-being
Example Bank:
•Add the remaining duck fat and chicken stock and bring to a boil.
•Are you carrying extra fat around your middle?
•Avoid excess saturated fats as found in meat, poultry, and eggs.
•Claims that anti-cellulite creams can break down fat are controversial.
•Cut down drastically on unhealthy fats.
•Despite its very low fat content, it is deliciously creamy.
•Eat a diet low in total fat.
•Exercise helps you burn off excess fat.
•Fats contain more calories than carbohydrates for the same weight.
•He had great rolls of fat around his middle.
•He had lost all his baby fat/puppy fat.
•His body was all muscle, with not an ounce of fat.
•Ice cream is high in fat and sugar.
•If you eat too much you will put on fat.
•It wasn't easy to lose puppy fat when Mum fed her on stodgy home cooking.
•It's easy to cut down on fat without changing your diet too much.
•Put the chicken in hot fat and braise thoroughly.
•Reduce saturated fats in your diet.
•Remove the turkey from the pan and drain off the excess fat.
•She has cut out fat altogether in an effort to lose weight.
•She was middle-aged and running to fat.
•The amount of fat you eat can affect the health of your heart.
•The only sound from the kitchen was the lamb fat spitting.
•The waistline is usually the first area where fat accumulates.
•This cheese has a lot of fat in it.
•Trim any visible fat off the meat before cooking.
•a reduced-fat diet
•margarines that contain polyunsaturated fats
•rendered bacon fat
•the amount of fat stored in the body
•the best wholefood sources of healthy fats
•the relationship between fat intake and cholesterol levels
•Aerobic exercise will help you burn off excess body fat.
•I prefer to eat fat free yogurts.
•Stick to foods which are low in fat.
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