Tra từ ruffle - Từ điển American Heritage Dictionary 4th

I. ruf·fle¹ (rŭfʹəl)n.
1. A strip of frilled or closely pleated fabric used for trimming or decoration.
2. A ruff on a bird.
3.
a. A ruckus or fray.
b. Annoyance; vexation.
4. An irregularity or a slight disturbance of a surface.v. ruf·fled, ruf·fling, ruf·flesv. tr.
1. To disturb the smoothness or regularity of; ripple.
2. To pleat or gather (fabric) into a ruffle.
3. To erect (the feathers). Used of birds.
4. To discompose; fluster:
a book that is bound to ruffle some people.
5. To flip through (the pages of a book).
6. To shuffle (cards).v. intr.
1. To become irregular or rough.
2. To flutter.
3. To become flustered. [From Middle English ruffelen, to roughen.] II. ruf·fle² (rŭfʹəl)n.
A low continuous beating of a drum that is not as loud as a roll. Also called ruff⁴.tr.v. ruf·fled, ruf·fling, ruf·fles
To beat a ruffle on (a drum). [Probably from frequentative of ruff⁴.] III. ruf·fle³ (rŭfʹəl)intr.v. ruf·fled, ruf·fling, ruf·fles
To behave arrogantly or roughly; swagger. [Middle English ruffelen, to quarrel.] rufʹfler n.