ruff

Từ điển American Heritage Dictionary 4th

I. ruff¹ (rŭf)n.
1. A stiffly starched frilled or pleated circular collar of lace, muslin, or other fine fabric, worn by men and women in the 16th and 17th centuries.
2. A distinctive collarlike projection around the neck, as of feathers on a bird or of fur on a mammal.
3. A Eurasian sandpiper (Philomachus pugnax) the male of which has collarlike, erectile feathers around the neck during the breeding season. [Perhaps short for ruffle¹.] ruffed adj. II. ruff² (rŭf) Gamesn.
1. The playing of a trump card when one cannot follow suit.
2. An old game resembling whist.tr. & intr.v. ruffed, ruff·ing, ruffs
To trump or play a trump. [Obsolete French ronfle, roffle, a kind of card game, from Old French ronfle, from renfler, to rise : re-, re- + enfler, to cause to swell (from Latin īnflāre. See inflate).] III. ruff³ (rŭf)n.
A small European freshwater fish (Acerina cernua) related to the perches. [Middle English ruffe, probably from Medieval Latin rufus, a kind of fish.] IV. ruff⁴ (rŭf)n.
See ruffle². [Of imitative origin.]

• Từ đồng nghĩa / Synonyms:
  trumping, Philomachus pugnax, choker, ruffle, neck ruff, frill, trump