temperament

Từ điển American Heritage Dictionary 4th

tem·per·a·ment (tĕmʹprə-mənt, tĕmʹpər-ə-)n.
1.
a. The manner of thinking, behaving, or reacting characteristic of a specific person:
a nervous temperament.
See Synonyms at disposition.
b. The distinguishing mental and physical characteristics of a human according to medieval physiology, resulting from dominance of one of the four humors.
2. Excessive irritability or sensitiveness:
an actor with too much temperament.
3. Music. Equal temperament. [Middle English, from Latin temperāmentum, from temperāre, to temper. See temper.]