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Từ điển LongMan Dictionary
vertical
I. adjective COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES a sheer/vertical cliff (=straight up and down rather than sloping) ▪ Sheer cliffs defend the island. a vertical dive (=going straight down) ▪ His actions sent the plane into a near vertical dive. the vertical/horizontal axis vertical expansion vertical portal vertical/horizontal stripes COLLOCATIONS FROM CORPUS NOUN axis ▪ They are established by the extension of any of the budget segments backwards to the right-side vertical axis. ▪ Concern for people is illustrated on the vertical axis. ▪ In Fig. 11-7 the wage rates for labour in the two localities are shown on the vertical axis. ▪ People become more important to the leader as his or her rating progresses up the vertical axis. ▪ The vertical axis to the same scale represents elapsed time and the diagonal is drawn in as shown. ▪ A leader with a rating of nine on the vertical axis has maximum concern for people. ▪ The real wage is measured along the vertical axis and labour services are measured along the horizontal axis. ▪ This locates the vertex of both tractrix and catenary and their vertical axis of symmetry can be erected. bar ▪ Nucleotide matches are given as vertical bars. ▪ Lolling behind a screen of vertical bars, girls in a brothel resemble animals in a cage. ▪ Take great care not to delete any semi-colons, vertical bars etc. ▪ In this case, the vertical bars must still be specified. ▪ Note that the vertical bars must be included as part of the syntax, as they separate parameters within each keyword. ▪ Sidebar a vertical bar positioned usually on the right hand side of the screen. ▪ Instead of plotting each smoothed value as a point, a vertical bar of constant height centred upon the smoothed value is drawn. ▪ The vertical bars show the region of H5 that has been built in the electron density map. cliff ▪ Behind there are vertical cliffs, a dynamic backdrop dwarfing the harbour to insignificance. ▪ No vertical cliff guards this approach, although about 50 million basalt boulders do. ▪ At the bottom of the Grand Canyon the oldest rocks of all are exposed in a gorge lined with vertical cliffs. climb ▪ Start from a vertical climb directly downwind. column ▪ The vertical column is filled with glass beads or randomly orientated short pieces of glass tubing. ▪ Each individual cell grows as a vertical column by inserting new cell wall material uniformly along its length. ▪ Taking a clean sheet of A4 paper out of a drawer, she divided it into three vertical columns. ▪ The vertical columns of Table 10.2 represent the department providing the resources and the horizontal rows the projects and activities using them. ▪ The approximate vertical column has been obtained by dividing the slant column by 20. ▪ Each function embraces three vertical columns, the centre one on its own and the other two shared with the other functions. distance ▪ The vertical distance shows the amount of the tax. ▪ Figure 18-1 assumes that this capital charge c k is given by the vertical distance. ▪ H must be independent of z, the vertical distance across the layer. ▪ Suppose the government levies a tax, equal to the vertical distance E *. ▪ Social security contributions are now imposed upon the employer equal to the vertical distance D1D2, reducing labour demand to D1. dive ▪ He then attacked a third which went down in a vertical dive, apparently into the sea. drop ▪ It can not climb back from a vertical drop since it lacks the body diameter of the rabbit. line ▪ Opposing lines - the cross A vertical line is highly energetic in its defiance of gravity. ▪ The point or date of the intervention is represented on the graph by a solid vertical line. ▪ At the printing stage the four slightly different images are optically sliced into vertical lines. ▪ There is a vertical line in spirituality that goes from the beast to the angel, and on which we oscillate. ▪ This temperature drop is represented by the vertical line DD' in the phase diagram. ▪ Install joist hangers on each vertical line, lining up the bottom of the hanger with the bottom of the ledger. ▪ Interaction and communication mainly followed vertical lines - and was mainly top downwards. ▪ Align to line up typeset or other graphic material as specified, using a base or vertical line as the reference point. lines ▪ At the printing stage the four slightly different images are optically sliced into vertical lines. ▪ Interaction and communication mainly followed vertical lines - and was mainly top downwards. ▪ Then, using the basket-weave nozzle, pipe horizontal bands across the vertical lines. ▪ If you would like deeper scallops, extend the length of the two vertical lines to suit. ▪ Pipe horizontal and vertical lines evenly into the frame to form the latticed wired door. market ▪ Concurrent is also restricting its sales focus to seven vertical markets to maintain its profits. ▪ There will be a development environment and beta versions of the complete environment tailored for vertical markets running up to its release. plane ▪ A vertical plane remains parallel to the drawing surface and is true to scale. ▪ The steering wheel can be adjusted in both horizontal and vertical planes. ▪ A hydraulic fracture is generally expected to propagate in a vertical plane in a direction perpendicular to the minimum horizontal stress azimuth. ▪ There are still blemishes, subtly dished characters show quite visible stepping in the vertical plane but the overall results look excellent. ▪ It also had a balancing mechanism contrived from two arching tubes at right angles to one another in a vertical plane. ▪ At that point, and that point only the vertical plane will be true to scale in the perspective drawing. position ▪ Wedges are used under the former to get the vertical position exactly right. ▪ Additionally, when a horizontal-head centrifuge stops. the tubes fall from the horizontal to the vertical position. ▪ The rear gunner was killed by that burst, as his gun swung up to a vertical position as he slumped down. ▪ The sit-ups start with the back off the board, and end before the upper body reaches the vertical position. ▪ Either iron boots or weights are strapped to the ankles and the legs are raised to an almost vertical position. ▪ Press slowly to the vertical position. ▪ The shark can not suddenly twist them to a vertical position to act as brakes. ▪ Pull evenly back to the vertical position, concentrating on the chest muscles all the time. section ▪ The result is an intarsia chart that needs only be joined for the vertical sections. ▪ Instead, the Cut / Copy Rectangle command used the exact position of the cursor to define the vertical section of text. ▪ Splicing new wood into a vertical section of frame may involve removing glass. ▪ Columns are defined as vertical sections of text separated from other text by tab or tab-align codes. ▪ Elevations and vertical sections are treated similarly. ▪ Rectangles are any vertical sections of text. ▪ Here a vertical section is being sprayed with water prior to recording by photography and drawing. side ▪ The result was the Yosemite that tourists see today, jammed with awe-inspiring plutons with rounded tops and steep, vertical sides. ▪ As a result the trench was neat, with straight vertical sides and a flat bottom. stripe ▪ Thin vertical stripes and a drawstring waist make this divided dress ideal for the fuller figure. ▪ Perhaps so, but if this is the case, why should vertical stripes be selected as the particular zebra pattern? surface ▪ The battens should be screwed loosely into position and then checked to see if they present a flat vertical surface. ▪ Walls: Being vertical surfaces these can present special problems because chemical run-off is sometimes faster than the contact time required. ▪ He also tends to urinate on vertical surfaces so that some liquid is lost to evaporation and absorption. ▪ Verticals are erected from the plan to provide vertical surfaces that are not true to scale. wall ▪ Soon they were between vertical walls and the river was roaring mud. ▪ Low-head dams are vertical walls along stretches where there is a drop in elevation. ▪ Above, the cleft was barred by vertical walls forming a difficult obstacle, demanding care and attention. EXAMPLES FROM OTHER ENTRIES ▪ vertical integration of the industry ▪ vertical stripes ▪ a vertical management arrangement ▪ a fairground ride that ends with a vertical drop of a hundred feet ▪ a terrifying vertical drop of 3,500 feet ▪ In some places the cliff was almost vertical, and much too dangerous to climb. ▪ The vertical line on the graph represents the time taken, and the horizontal line represents the distance travelled. ▪ The wallpaper has vertical pink and white stripes. EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS ▪ Any plate tectonics model of the Andes must in fact account for the uplift essentially in terms of vertical tectonics. ▪ Print the following vertical four-part sections in the same way. ▪ The concern of this chapter, however, is with vertical inequalities - between social classes, ethnic groups and the sexes. ▪ The nystagmus may have a vertical component. ▪ The rear gunner was killed by that burst, as his gun swung up to a vertical position as he slumped down. ▪ The result was the Yosemite that tourists see today, jammed with awe-inspiring plutons with rounded tops and steep, vertical sides. II. noun EXAMPLES FROM CORPUS ▪ Air photographs, particularly verticals, are likely to show village earthworks which can then be checked on the ground. ▪ But over the 2, 360-foot vertical, they add up to 39 miles of skiing, or 480 acres. ▪ Erect verticals upon the odd numbers, 1, 3, 5, 7, etc. ▪ The same misinterpretation of the gravity vertical is possible in a co-ordinated turn.
vertical
I. ver‧ti‧cal1 /ˈvɜːtɪkəl $ ˈvɜːr-/ adjective [date : 1500-1600; Language : Late Latin; Origin : verticalis, from Latin vertex; ⇨ vertex] 1. pointing up in a line that forms an angle of 90° with a flat surface OPP horizontal ⇨ diagonal: ▪ a vertical line ▪ the vertical axis of a graph ▪ vertical window blinds vertical cliff/climb/drop etc (=one that is very high or steep) ▪ a gorge lined with vertical cliffs
2. having a structure in which there are top, middle, and bottom levels ⇨ hierarchical: ▪ Formal communication channels are usually vertical.
—vertically /-kli/ adverb
II. vertical2 noun the vertical the direction of something that is vertical: ▪ The tower now leans about 15 degrees from the vertical.
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