Tra từ shoulder - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

shoul·der [shoulder shoulders shouldered shouldering] noun, verb BrE [ˈʃəʊldə(r)] NAmE [ˈʃoʊldər]
noun

PART OF BODY
1. countable either of the two parts of the body between the top of each arm and the neck
• He slung the bag over his shoulder.
• She tapped him on the shoulder.
•He looked back over his shoulder.
•She shrugged her shoulders (= showing that she didn't know or care).
•an off-the-shoulder dress
•He carried the child on his shoulders.

-SHOULDERED
2. (in adjectives)having the type of shoulders mentioned
•broad-shouldered
see also ↑round-shouldered

CLOTHING
3. countable the part of a piece of clothing that covers the shoulder
•a jacket with padded shoulders

MEAT
4. uncountable, countable ~ (of sth) meat from the top part of one of the front legs of an animal that has four legs

OF MOUNTAIN/BOTTLE, ETC.
5. countable ~ (of sth) a part of sth, such as a bottle or mountain, that is shaped like a shoulder
•The village lay just around the shoulder of the hill.

SIDE OF ROAD
6. countable (NAmE)an area of ground at the side of a road where vehicles can stop in an emergency
•No shoulder for next 5 miles.
see also ↑hard shoulder, ↑soft shoulder
more at have a chip on your shoulder at ↑chip _n., give sb the cold shoulder at ↑cold _adj., be/stand head and shoulders above sb/sthhave a good head on your shoulders at ↑head _n., (have) an old head on young shoulders at ↑old, rub shoulders with sb at ↑rub _v., straight from the shoulder at ↑straight _adv.

Word Origin:
Old English sculdor, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch schouder and German Schulter.

Collocations:
Physical appearance
A person may be described as having:
Eyes
(bright) blue/green/(dark/light) brown/hazel eyes
deep-set/sunken/bulging/protruding eyes
small/beady/sparkling/twinkling/(informal) shifty eyes
piercing/penetrating/steely eyes
bloodshot/watery/puffy eyes
bushy/thick/dark/raised/arched eyebrows
long/dark/thick/curly/false eyelashes/lashes
Face
a flat/bulbous/pointed/sharp/snub nose
a straight/a hooked/a Roman/(formal) an aquiline nose
full/thick/thin/pouty lips
dry/chapped/cracked lips
flushed/rosy/red/ruddy/pale cheeks
soft/chubby/sunken cheeks
white/perfect/crooked/protruding teeth
a large/high/broad/wide/sloping forehead
a strong/weak/pointed/double chin
a long/full/bushy/wispy/goatee beard
a long/thin/bushy/droopy/handlebar/pencil moustache/ (especially US) mustache
Hair and skin
pale/fair/olive/dark/tanned skin
dry/oily/smooth/rough/leathery/wrinkled skin
a dark/pale/light/sallow/ruddy/olive/swarthy/clear complexion
deep/fine/little/facial wrinkles
blonde/blond/fair/(light/dark) brown/(jet-)black/auburn/red/(BrE) ginger/grey hair
straight/curly/wavy/frizzy/spiky hair
thick/thin/fine/bushy/thinning hair
dyed/bleached/soft/silky/dry/greasy/shiny hair
long/short/shoulder-length/cropped hair
a bald/balding/shaved head
a receding hairline
a bald patch/spot
a side/centre/(US) center (BrE) parting/ (NAmE) part
Body
a long/short/thick/slender/(disapproving) scrawny neck
broad/narrow/sloping/rounded/hunched shoulders
a bare/broad/muscular/small/large chest
a flat/swollen/bulging stomach
a small/tiny/narrow/slim/slender/28-inch waist
big/wide/narrow/slim hips
a straight/bent/arched/broad/hairy back
thin/slender/muscular arms
big/large/small/manicured/calloused/gloved hands
long/short/fat/slender/delicate/bony fingers
long/muscular/hairy/shapely/(both informal, often disapproving) skinny/spindly legs
muscular/chubby/(informal, disapproving) flabby thighs
big/little/small/dainty/wide/narrow/bare feet
a good/a slim/a slender/an hourglass figure
be of slim/medium/average/large/athletic/stocky build

Example Bank:
•He hunched his shoulders against the cold wind.
•He slung the sack over his shoulder and set off.
•Her shoulders lifted in a vague shrug.
•His broad shoulders heaved with sobs.
•His frozen shoulder has stopped him from playing tennis.
•I tapped the man on the shoulder and asked him to move.
•In an aggressive situation, we stand tall and square our shoulders.
•Inhale, drop your shoulders and raise your chest.
•Keep the feet shoulder width apart.
•My shoulders dropped with relief.
•Roll your shoulders forward and take a deep breath.
•She was crouched with her head forward and her shoulders bent.
•The bullet hit him squarely between the shoulder blades.
•The child sat on her father's shoulders to watch the parade go by.
•The route of the procession was lined with police officers standing shoulder to shoulder.
•When I asked him why he'd done it he just shrugged his shoulders.
Idioms: ↑looking over your shoulder ▪ ↑on somebody's shoulders ▪ ↑put your shoulder to the wheel ▪ ↑shoulder to cry on ▪ ↑shoulder to shoulder

verb

ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY
1. transitive ~ sth to accept the responsibility for sth
•to shoulder the responsibility/blame for sth
•women who shoulder the double burden of childcare and full-time work

PUSH WITH SHOULDER
2. transitive, intransitive to push forward with your shoulder in order to get somewhere ~ your way + adv./prep.
•He shouldered his way through the crowd and went after her.
•+ adv./prep. She shouldered past a woman with a screaming baby.
3. transitive ~ sb/sth + adv./prep. to push sb/sth out of your way with your shoulder
•He shouldered the man aside.

CARRY ON SHOULDER
4. transitive ~ sth to carry sth on your shoulder
•She shouldered her bag and set off home.
•to shoulder arms (= to hold a weapon, ↑rifle, etc. against your shoulder while you are not using it)
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
Old English sculdor, of West Germanic origin; related to Dutch schouder and German Schulter.

Example Bank:
•He was unwilling to shoulder this responsibility alone.
•She had to shoulder the burden of childcare.
•She shouldered her way through the crowd.
•We were shouldered roughly out of the way.
•He shouldered the younger man aside.
•I think everyone has got to shoulder the responsibility for this defeat.
•She made her way to the door, shouldering the other kids out of the way.
•These women shoulder the double burden of childcare and full-time work.