Tra từ pass - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

pass [pass passes passed passing] verb, noun BrE [pɑːs] NAmE [pæs]
verb

MOVE
1. intransitive, transitive to move past or to the other side of sb/sth
• Several people were passing but nobody offered to help.
• I hailed a passing taxi.
•The road was so narrow that cars were unable to pass.
•~ sb/sth to pass a barrier/sentry/checkpoint
•You'll pass a bank on the way to the train station.
•She passed me in the street without even saying hello.
• (especially NAmE)There was a truck behind that was trying to pass me. The usual word in British English in the last example is overtake.
2. intransitive + adv./prep. to go or move in the direction mentioned
• The procession passed slowly along the street.
• A plane passed low overhead.
3. transitive ~ sth + adv./prep. to make sth move in the direction or into the position mentioned
• He passed the rope around the post three times to secure it.
• She passed her hand across her forehead.

GIVE
4. transitive to give sth to sb by putting it into their hands or in a place where they can easily reach it
•~ sth (to sb) Pass the salt, please.
• Pass that book over.
•~ sb sth Pass me over that book.

BALL
5. transitive, intransitive (in ball games)to kick, hit or throw the ball to a player of your own side
•~ sth (to sb) He passed the ball to Rooney.
•~ (to sb) Why do they keep passing back to the goalie?

AFTER DEATH
6. intransitive ~ to sb to be given to another person after first belonging to sb else, especially after the first person has died
• On his death, the title passed to his eldest son.

BECOME GREATER
7. transitive ~ sth (of an amount)to become greater than a particular total
Syn: ↑exceed
• Unemployment has now passed the three million mark.

CHANGE
8. intransitive ~ from sth to/into sth to change from one state or condition to another
• She had passed from childhood to early womanhood.

TIME
9. intransitive when time passes, it goes by
• Six months passed and we still had no news of them.
• We grew more anxious with every passing day.
10. transitive ~ sth to spend time, especially when you are bored or waiting for sth
• We sang songs to pass the time.
• How did you pass the evening?

END
11. intransitive to come to an end; to be over
• They waited for the storm to pass.

TEST/EXAM
12. intransitive, transitive to achieve the required standard in an exam, a test, etc
• I'm not really expecting to pass first time.
•~ sth She hasn't passed her driving test yet.
Opp: ↑fail
13. transitive ~ sb to test sb and decide that they are good enough, according to an agreed standard
•The examiners passed all the candidates.
Opp: ↑fail

LAW/PROPOSAL
14. transitive ~ sth to accept a proposal, law, etc. by voting
• The bill was passed by 360 votes to 280.

HAPPEN
15. intransitive to be allowed
• I don't like it, but I'll let it pass (= will not object).
•Her remarks passed without comment (= people ignored them).
16. intransitive to happen; to be said or done
•~ (between A and B) They'll never be friends again after all that has passed between them.
•+ adj. His departure passed unnoticed.

NOT KNOW
17. intransitive ~ (on sth) to say that you do not know the answer to a question, especially during a ↑quiz
•‘What's the capital of Peru?’ ‘I'll have to pass on that one.’
•‘Who wrote ‘Catch-22’?’ ‘Pass (= I don't know).’

NOT WANT
18. intransitive ~ (on sth) to say that you do not want sth that is offered to you
•Thanks. I'm going to pass on dessert, if you don't mind.

SAY/STATE STH
19. transitive ~ sth (on sb/sth) to say or state sth, especially officially
•The court waited in silence for the judge to pass sentence.
•It's not for me to pass judgement on your behaviour.
•The man smiled at the girl and passed a friendly remark.

BELIEF/UNDERSTANDING
20. transitive ~ belief, understanding, etc. (formal)to go beyond the limits of what you can believe, understand, etc
•It passes belief (= is impossible to believe) that she could do such a thing.

IN CARD GAMES
21. intransitive to refuse to play a card or make a ↑bid when it is your turn

FROM THE BODY
22. transitive ~ sth to send sth out from the body as or with waste matter
•If you're passing blood you ought to see a doctor.
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
v. and n. senses 1 to 3 n. senses 5 to 6 Middle English Old French passer Latin passus ‘pace’ n. sense 4 Middle English ‘division of a text, passage through’ ↑pace ¹↑pass French pas

Thesaurus:
pass verb
1. T, I
•The bus pulled out to pass a truck.
BrE overtake •
Pass or overtake? In British English you can use both these words about going past sb/sth that is moving but overtake is more common
• (BrE) It's dangerous to overtake on a bend.
In American English pass is the normal word.
2. T
•Pass the salt, please.
give • • hand • • hand sb/sth over •
pass/give/hand/hand over sth to sb
just pass/give/hand/hand over sth
Pass, give or hand? Hand is used especially in written, literary English. Pass is used especially in spoken requests and also in written, literary English. Give is used frequently in both spoken and written English.
3. I
•Six months passed without any news of them.
go by • • tick away • |written wear on • • elapse • • progress •
hours/days pass/go by/elapse
(a) season/year/time passes/goes by/elapses
the minutes/seconds pass/go by/tick away/elapse
4. T
•We sang songs to pass the time.
fill • • while sth away • • spend • • devote sth to sth • • occupy • • take up sth •
pass/fill/while away/spend/devote/occupy/take up (the) time
pass/fill/while away/spend/devote/occupy/take up an hour/a couple of hours
5. I, T
•I passed the test.
graduate • |especially BrE qualify • |informal sail through (sth) • |BrE, informal get through (sth) •
Opp: fail
pass/graduate with sth
pass/sail through/get through a/an course/exam/test
students pass/graduate/qualify/sail through

Example Bank:
•How did such a disaster come to pass?
•I don't like it, but I'll let it pass.
•I wondered how it came to pass that a thinking man bore the prejudices of his unthinking parents.
•In the confusion her departure passed unnoticed.
•The Kansas State House narrowly passed the legislation last year.
•The days passed uneventfully.
•The security guard refused to let us pass.
•The time passed quickly.
•We played games to help pass the time.
•As they passed under the bridge they heard a noise above them.
•Bomber planes were passing overhead all night.
•Could you pass me that book?
•He pulled out to pass a truck.
•I passed my driving test.
•I'm not really expecting to pass first time.
•It's difficult to pass on this circuit.
•She passed him with a fractional quickening of her pace.
•She passed with flying colours.
•Three students in the class passed with distinction.
•We passed through the Spanish Quarter on our way here.
•We grew more anxious with every passing day.
Idioms: ↑come to a pretty pass ▪ ↑come to pass ▪ ↑come to such a pass ▪ ↑make a pass at somebody ▪ ↑not pass your lips ▪ ↑pass muster ▪ ↑pass the hat round ▪ ↑pass the time of day ▪ ↑pass water
Derived: ↑pass as somebody ▪ ↑pass away ▪ ↑pass by ▪ ↑pass into something ▪ ↑pass off ▪ ↑pass on ▪ ↑pass out ▪ ↑pass over something ▪ ↑pass somebody by ▪ ↑pass somebody off as somebody ▪ ↑pass somebody over ▪ ↑pass something down ▪ ↑pass something on ▪ ↑pass something round ▪ ↑pass something up ▪ ↑pass through …

noun

IN EXAM
1. (especially BrE)a successful result in an exam
•She got a pass in French.
•12 passes and 3 fails
•Two A-level passes are needed for this course.
•The pass mark is 50%.
•The school has a 90% pass rate (= 90% of students pass their exams).

OFFICIAL DOCUMENT
2. an official document or ticket that shows that you have the right to enter or leave a place, to travel on a bus or train, etc
•a boarding pass (= for a plane)
•There is no admittance without a security pass.
see also ↑bus pass

OF BALL
3. (in some sports) an act of hitting or throwing the ball to another player in your team
•a long pass to Rooney
•a back pass to the goalkeeper

THROUGH MOUNTAINS
4. a road or way over or through mountains
•a mountain pass
•They came over the top of the pass and started down towards the coast.

MOVING PAST/OVER
5. an act of going or moving past or over sth
•The helicopter made several passes over the village before landing.

STAGE IN PROCESS
6. a stage in a process, especially one that involves separating things from a larger group
•In the first pass all the addresses are loaded into the database.
Rem: or

Word Origin:
v. and n. senses 1 to 3 n. senses 5 to 6 Middle English Old French passer Latin passus ‘pace’ n. sense 4 Middle English ‘division of a text, passage through’ ↑pace ¹↑pass French pas

Example Bank:
•Applicants need a good degree pass.
•He picked up a back pass from one of his defenders.
•He played a back pass to the goalkeeper.
•He should get a good pass in mathematics.
•His long reach enables him to block passes.
•It's difficult to obtain a pass at A Level.
•Lafferty played a pass down the right to Gallagher.
•McNabb has completed 57% of his passes with five touchdowns.
•Owen picked up a long pass from Beckham to score.
•Robson had pounced on a dropped pass.
•She barely scraped a pass in chemistry.
•The Dolphins are among the NFL's best at defending the pass.
•The flight attendant asked to see my boarding pass.
•The pass mark is 40%.
•The referee disallowed the try for a forward pass.
•The teacher wrote out a hall pass and handed it to her.
•The visitors were issued with day passes.
•They had to struggle over the pass with their donkeys.
•We bought a two-day pass to Disneyland.
•We took the high pass over the ridge.
•Ziege played a pass behind the defence to Weiss.
•a monthly rail pass
•building a road through the pass
•soldiers on a weekend pass
•struggling over the pass with their donkeys
•The official asked to see our passes.
•The school has a 90% pass rate.
•You can buy a three-day pass that gives you entry to all the major sights.
•You will need a boarding pass to get onto the plane.
•a bus pass

See also: ↑pass on