Tra từ call - Từ điển Oxford Advanced Learner 8th

call [call calls called calling] verb, noun BrE [kɔːl] NAmE [kɔːl]
verb

GIVE NAME
1. transitive to give sb/sth a particular name; to use a particular name or title when you are talking to sb
•~ sb/sth + noun They decided to call the baby Mark.
• His name's Hiroshi but everyone calls him Hiro.
•What do they call that new fabric?
•~ sb They called their first daughter after her grandmother.
•We call each other by our first names here.
see also ↑called

DESCRIBE
2. transitive to describe sb/sth in a particular way; to consider sb/sth to be sth
•~ sb/sth + noun I wouldn't call German an easy language.
• Are you calling me a liar?
•He was in the front room, or the lounge or whatever you want to call it.
•I make it ten pounds forty-three you owe me. Let's call it ten pounds.
•~ sb/sth + adj. Would you call it blue or green?
3. transitive ~ yourself + noun to claim that you are a particular type of person, especially when other people question whether this is true
• Call yourself a friend? So why won't you help me, then?
• She's no right to call herself a feminist.

SHOUT
4. intransitive, transitive to shout or say sth loudly to attract sb's attention
• I thought I heard somebody calling.
•~ (out) to sb (for sth) She called out to her father for help.
•~ (sth) out He called out a warning from the kitchen.
•~ sth Did somebody call my name?
•+ speech ‘See you later!’ she called.
5. transitive, intransitive ~ (sb) to ask sb to come by shouting or speaking loudly
• Will you call the kids in for lunch?
• Did you call?

TELEPHONE
6. transitive to ask sb/sth to come quickly to a particular place by telephoning
•~ sb/sth to call the fire department/the police/a doctor/an ambulance
• The doctor has been called to an urgent case.
• I'll call a taxi for you.
•~ sb sth I'll call you a taxi.
7. intransitive, transitive to telephone sb
• I'll call again later.
•~ sb/sth I called the office to tell them I'd be late.
•My brother called me from Spain last night.

ORDER SB TO COME
8. transitive, usually passive + adv./prep. (formal)to order sb to come to a place
•Several candidates were called for a second interview.
•The ambassador was called back to London by the prime minister.
•He felt called to the priesthood (= had a strong feeling that he must become a priest).

VISIT
9. intransitive (especially BrE)to make a short visit to a person or place
• I'll call round and see you on my way home.
•~ on sb Let's call on John.
•~ to do sth He was out when I called to see him.

MEETING/STRIKE, ETC.
10. transitive ~ sth to order sth to happen; to announce that sth will happen
•to call a meeting/an election/a strike

OF BIRD/ANIMAL
11. intransitive to make the cry that is typical for it

IN GAMES
12. transitive, intransitive ~ (sth) to say which side of a coin you think will face upwards after it is thrown
•to call heads/tails

IN DANCES
13. intransitive, transitive ~ (sth) to shout out the steps for people performing a ↑square dance or ↑country dance
more at (be/get called) on the carpet at ↑carpet _n., bring/call sb/sth to mind at ↑mind _n., he who pays the piper calls the tune at ↑pay _v., the pot calling the kettle black at ↑pot _n., what-d'you-call-him/-her/-it/-them at ↑what
Verb forms:

Word Origin:
late Old English ceallian, from Old Norse kalla ‘summon loudly’.

Thesaurus:
call verb
1. T
•They decided to call the baby Mark.
name • • entitle • • dub • • nickname • • christen • • address • |formal term • • designate • |sometimes disapproving label • • brand •
call/name/dub/nickname/christen sb Mary, Ali, etc.
call/dub/nickname sb captain, the wizard, etc.
call/address sb by their full name, their first name, etc.
address/designate/label/brand sb/sth as sth
2. T
•I wouldn't call German an easy language.
describe • • consider • • regard • • see • • view • • count •
describe/consider/regard/see/view/count sb/sth as sth
call/describe/consider/regard/see/view/count/reckon yourself (as) sth
Call or describe? Call is used with a noun or adjective complement, without as. Describe is used with as and an adjective or a noun phrase. Adjectives are more frequent with describe than nouns: longer noun phrase are possible, but with shorter noun phrases use call:
•Jim was described by his colleagues as an unusual man.
• Are you calling me a liar?
✗ Are you describing me as a liar?
3. I, T
•He called out for help.
cry out (sth) • • shout • • yell • • scream • |written exclaim • • cry •
call/cry out/shout/yell/scream/exclaim/cry (sth) to sb
call/cry out/shout/yell/scream for sb/sth
4. T, I
•My sister called me from Spain last night.
dial • |especially AmE, informal call sb up • |especially BrE, formal telephone • |BrE, especially spoken ring • • phone •
call/telephone/ring/phone from somewhere
call/dial/telephone/ring/phone a number/a hotline/the switchboard/reception
call/telephone/ring/phone the doctor/fire brigade/police/hospital
Call, ring or phone? Call is the only one of these three words used in American English. Ring and phone are the most frequent words in spoken British English, but call is preferred in an emergency
•Call the police/fire brigade.
You call/ring/phone a person, place or institution; you call a cab/a taxi/an ambulance.
5. T
•He called a meeting to discuss the changes.
hold • • have • • give • • host • |formal convene •
call/hold/have/give/host/convene a conference
call/hold/have/convene a meeting
call/hold/have an election

British/American:
phone / call / ring
Verbs
In BrE, to phone, to ring and to call are the usual ways of saying to telephone. In NAmE the most common word is call, but phone is also used. Speakers of NAmE do not say ring. Telephone is very formal and is used mainly in BrE.Nouns
You can use call or phone call (more formal) in both BrE and NAmE: ▪ Were there any phone calls for me? ◇ ▪ How do I make a local call? The idiom give sb a call is also common: ▪ I’ll give you a call tonight. In informal BrE you could also say: ▪ I’ll give you a ring tonight.

Synonyms:
call
cry out • exclaim • blurt • burst out
These words all mean to shout or say sth loudly or suddenly.
call • to shout or say sth loudly to attract sb's attention: ▪ I thought I heard someone calling.
cry out (sth) • to shout sth loudly, especially when you need help or are in trouble: ▪ She cried out for help. ◇ ▪ I cried out his name.
exclaim • to say sth suddenly and loudly, especially because of a strong emotion: ▪ ‘It isn't fair!’ he exclaimed angrily.
blurt • to say sth suddenly and without thinking carefully enough: ▪ He ▪ blurted out ▪ the answer without thinking.
burst out • to say sth suddenly and loudly, especially with a lot of emotion: ▪ ‘He's a bully!’ the little boy burst out.
to call/cry out/exclaim/blurt out (sth) to sb
to call/cry out for sth
to cry out/exclaim/blurt out/burst out in/with sth
to call/cry out/exclaim/blurt out/burst out suddenly
to call/cry out/exclaim/burst out loudly

Synonyms:
regard
call • find • consider • see • view
These words all mean to think about sb/sth in a particular way.
regard • to think of sb/sth in a particular way: ▪ He seemed to regard the whole thing as a joke.
call • to say that sb/sth has particular qualities or characteristics: ▪ I wouldn't call German an easy language.
find • to have a particular feeling or opinion about sth: ▪ You may find your illness hard to accept.
consider • to think of sb/sth in a particular way: ▪ Who do you consider (to be) responsible for the accident?
regard or consider?
These two words have the same meaning, but they are used in different patterns and structures. In this meaning consider must be used with a complement or clause: you can consider sb/sth to be sth or consider sb/sth as sth, although very often the to be or as is left out: ▪ He considers himself an expert. ◇ ▪ They are considered a high-risk group. You can also consider that sb/sth is sth and again, the that can be left out. Regard is used in a narrower range of structures. The most frequent structure is regard sb/sth as sth; the as cannot be left out: I regard him a close friend. You cannot regard sb/sth to be sth or regard that sb/sth is sth. However, regard (but not consider in this meaning) can also be used without a noun or adjective complement but with just an object and adverb (sb/sth is highly regarded) or adverbial phrase (regard sb/sth with suspicion/jealousy/admiration).
see • to have an opinion of sth: ▪ Try to see things from her point of view.
view • to think of sb/sth in a particular way: ▪ How do you view your position within the company?
View has the same meaning as regard and consider but is slightly less frequent and slightly less formal. The main structures are view sb/sth as sb/sth (you cannot leave out the as) and view sb/sth with sth.
to regard/consider/see/view sb/sth as sth
to regard/consider/see/view sb/sth from a particular point of view
to find/consider sb/sth to be sth
generally/usually regarded/considered/seen/viewed as sth
to regard/consider/view sb/sth favourably/unfavourably

Example Bank:
•Buenos Aires is often called the Paris of South America.
•Call us free/toll-free on this number.
•He called for help, but no one could hear.
•He is writing a novel, tentatively called ‘My Future’.
•His friends affectionately call him ‘Bear’.
•I'll call back later.
•Leave a message and I'll call you back.
•She called out in pain.
•The area was formerly called West Meadow.
•The prison is euphemistically called a ‘rehabilitation centre’.
•The system is officially called the NPV System.
•We usually call him by his nickname.
•You could hardly call the show perfect, but it was successful.
•You should call ahead to make sure that seats are available.
•a character whom the writer calls simply ‘The Girl’
•a female penguin calling to her mate
•a plant variously called ‘cow parsley’ and ‘Queen Anne's lace’
•a range of very small organisms, collectively called nanoplankton
•a tree variously called ‘rowan’ and ‘mountain ash’
•soldiers killed by what is euphemistically called ‘friendly fire’
•‘Don't forget what I said!’ she called after him.
•Could you call by later today?
•Has anyone called the police?
•He called out a warning to her.
•He was in the front room, or the lounge, or whatever you want to call it.
•His name's Hiroshi but everyone calls him Hiro.
•I called round at the house to check how things were.
•I called the office to tell them I'd be late.
•I don't know anyone called Scott.
•I make it ten pounds forty-three you owe me. Let's call it ten pounds.
•I started to leave but they called me back again.
•I thought I heard someone calling.
•I wouldn't call German an easy language.
•I've forgotten what the firm he works for is called.
•My brother called me from Germany last night.
•She said she was very lonely and it was kind of them to call on her.
•The cuckoo called across the trees to its mate.
•The drivers were going to call a strike.
•The principal called a staff meeting to discuss the changes.
•We called but they were out.
•What's it called again? Yeah, that's right. A modem.
•What's their son called?
Idioms: ↑call a spade a spade ▪ ↑call it a day ▪ ↑call it quits ▪ ↑call of nature ▪ ↑call somebody names ▪ ↑call somebody to account ▪ ↑call somebody to order ▪ ↑call somebody's bluff ▪ ↑call something into play ▪ ↑call something into question ▪ ↑call the tune ▪ ↑call time ▪ ↑have first call ▪ ↑on call
Derived: ↑call at … ▪ ↑call back ▪ ↑call for somebody ▪ ↑call for something ▪ ↑call in ▪ ↑call on somebody ▪ ↑call somebody away ▪ ↑call somebody back ▪ ↑call somebody in ▪ ↑call somebody off ▪ ↑call somebody out ▪ ↑call somebody up ▪ ↑call something forth ▪ ↑call something in ▪ ↑call something off ▪ ↑call something up

noun

ON TELEPHONE
1. countable (also ˈphone call)the act of speaking to sb on the telephone
•to get/have/receive a call from sb
•to give sb/to make a call
• Were there any calls for me while I was out?
• I'll take (= answer) the call upstairs.
•I left a message but he didn't return my call.
•a local call
•a long-distance call
see also ↑wake-up call

LOUD SOUND
2. countable a loud sound made by a bird or an animal, or by a person to attract attention
•the distinctive call of the cuckoo
•a call for help

VISIT
3. countable a short visit to sb's house
•The doctor has five calls to make this morning.
• (old-fashioned)to pay a call on an old friend

REQUEST/DEMAND
4. countable ~ (for sth) a request, an order or a demand for sb to do sth or to go somewhere
•calls for the minister to resign
•calls for national unity
•This is the last call for passengers travelling on British Airways flight 199 to Rome.
• (formal)a call to arms (= a strong request to fight in the army, etc.)
see also ↑curtain call
5. uncountable no ~ for sth | no ~ (for sb) to do sth no demand for sth; no reason for sb's behaviour
•There isn't a lot of call for small specialist shops nowadays.
6. countable ~ on sb/sth a demand or pressure placed on sb/sth
•She is a busy woman with many calls on her time.

OF A PLACE
7. singular ~ (of sth) (literary)a strong feeling of attraction that a particular place has for you
•the call of the sea/your homeland

TO A PARTICULAR JOB
8. singular ~ (to do sth) a strong feeling that you want to do sth, especially a particular job
•He felt the call of the priesthood early on in his life.

DECISION
9. countable (informal)a decision
•It's your call!
•a good/bad call
•That's a tough call.

IN TENNIS
10. countable a decision made by the ↑umpire
•There was a disputed call in the second set.

IN CARD GAMES
11. countable a player's ↑bid or turn to ↑bid
more at at sb's beck and call at ↑beck, a close call/shave at ↑close ²_adj.

Word Origin:
late Old English ceallian, from Old Norse kalla ‘summon loudly’.

British/American:
phone / call / ring
Verbs
In BrE, to phone, to ring and to call are the usual ways of saying to telephone. In NAmE the most common word is call, but phone is also used. Speakers of NAmE do not say ring. Telephone is very formal and is used mainly in BrE.Nouns
You can use call or phone call (more formal) in both BrE and NAmE: ▪ Were there any phone calls for me? ◇ ▪ How do I make a local call? The idiom give sb a call is also common: ▪ I’ll give you a call tonight. In informal BrE you could also say: ▪ I’ll give you a ring tonight.

Example Bank:
•Ask the receptionist to put your call through to my room.
•Campaigners have renewed their call for an independent inquiry.
•Could you get off the phone? I'm expecting a call.
•Drink-drive campaigners have renewed their call for the introduction of random breath tests.
•Give us a call to say when you have arrived.
•He pushed the call button for the flight attendant.
•He received an urgent call and had to leave.
•He spent the whole day fielding calls from concerned parents.
•Her first call was on the local library.
•I ended the call as quickly as possible.
•I left a message but he didn't return my call.
•I made a call to a friend in London.
•I ordered a wake-up call for 6.30 the next morning.
•I'll just make a quick phone call.
•I'll take the call upstairs.
•It is unlikely that they will heed calls for a crackdown.
•Last night's defeat should be a wake-up call for the team.
•Our first port of call was the bank.
•She asked her secretary to place a call through to England.
•She made a frantic phone call to her mother.
•She placed an anonymous call to the Dutch Embassy in Dublin.
•She was out and missed an important call.
•She's out on a call.
•The book is a call to action.
•The charity issued a call for donations to assist victims of the earthquake.
•The doctor does not usually make house calls.
•The doctor has several calls to make this morning.
•The government has resisted the calls of the international community.
•The mosque was sounding the call to prayer.
•The police managed to trace the call.
•The president's speech was a call to arms to restore the vitality of the American dream.
•The screen display said ‘8 missed calls’.
•This election is a clarion call for our country to face the challenges of the new era.
•This is the last call for PAM flight 199 to Salvador.
•This is the last call for passengers travelling on British Airways flight 199 to Rome.
•We always make follow-up calls to ensure customer satisfaction.
•We're not supposed to make personal calls from work.
•When he went to Ethiopia, his first call was on the ambassador.
•You had a call from Fred.
•the bird's plaintive call
•the morning call to prayer
•Calls for national unity were ignored.
•He decided to pay a call on his old friend.
•I received an unexpected call from the police yesterday.
•I'm afraid this isn't a social call.
•The call of the barn owl is often described as a screech or scream.
•The doctor's out on a call at the moment.
•There have been calls for the minister to resign.
•a local/long distance call

See also: ↑phone call