Tra từ employment - Từ điển Oxford Learners Wordfinder Dictionary

1 being employed
2 giving up your job
3 being made to give up your job
4 not having a job
5 looking for a job
6 giving sb a job
see also WORK, PAY

1 being employed
- to give work to sb and pay them for doing it: employ sb
She was employed as a secretary for a couple of months. ◎ How many people does your firm employ at present?
- the state of being employed, or the act of employing sb: employment (noun U)
to look for employment
- to be employed: work
She works for a large pharmaceutical company.
- a person's employment: job, work (noun U), (formal) occupation
It's not easy to find a job at the moment. ◎ My work involves using computers a lot of the time.
※ different ways of being employed
- working for only part of the day, or for only a few days a week: part-time (adjective, adverb)
to take a part-time job ◎ I only work part-time.
- working all day, five or six days a week: full-time (adjective, adverb)
- work which is not regular, and which is usually paid hourly is casual
casual office staff ◎ to do casual work
- a job which is only for a limited period is temporary; opposite: permanent
She's got a temporary job working in a newspaper office.
※ people at work
- a person who employs other people: employer
- a person who is in charge of a company or other organization: manager
- a person whose job is to give orders to other people at work: (informal) boss
- the group of managers who are in charge of a company: management (with singular or plural verb)
The management has/have decided to introduce a new shift system.
※ the work of managers MANAGEMENT
- a person who is employed: employee
This factory has 200 employees.
- an employee, especially one who does physical work: worker
- the group of people who work in an office, a shop, a bank, etc: staff (often with a plural verb)
Their staff are so polite and friendly. I really like eating there. ◎ The manager decided to advertise for extra staff to help with the Christmas sales.
- a person who is responsible for the employees in a company: personnel manager
※ changes in your employment
- to give sb a better or more important job: promote sb
They promoted her to office manager two months ago. ◎ I've been promoted!
- the act of being promoted or of promoting sb: promotion (noun C/U)
They've given her another promotion! ◎ I was expecting promotion, but unfortunately didn't get it this time.
- to say that sb would be suitable for a job, position, etc: recommend sb for/as sth
My boss recommended me for the new post in the marketing department.
※ not at work
- a period of time in which you do not go to work: time off (noun U)
Could I have some time off next week? ◎ The doctor advised me to take time off.
- a single day on which you do not go to work: day off
I had to take a day off to go to the funeral.
- the time when you are not at work because you have taken time off: absence (noun C/U)
His absence created a lot of problems for the office.
- when you are not present at work, you are absent
I wonder what's wrong with him. He's been absent for a couple of days.
- the permission you need to be absent from work: leave (noun U)
I'd like to take a couple of weeks' leave.
- away from work with permission: on leave
He's away on leave at the moment. Can I help you?
- leave taken because you are not well: sick leave (noun U)
- leave taken by a woman because she is expecting a baby: maternity leave (noun U)
※ more on holidays HOLIDAY
※ trade unions and strikes
- a group of people whose job is to protect the rights of employees: (trade) union
- a person who is an active member of a union, and often has an official position in one: trade unionist
- (used about workers) to refuse to work in order to try to get more pay, better working conditions, etc: strike*, go* on strike; refusing to work: on strike; an occasion of striking: strike, stoppage
to go on strike for higher pay ◎ Do you know why the bus drivers are striking? ◎ How long have they been on strike? ◎ a one-day strike
- a person who is on strike: striker
- strikes or other ways of trying to get more pay, better conditions, etc: industrial action (noun U)
The nurses are threatening to take industrial action.
- the relations between the management and the workers: industrial relations (noun plural)

2 giving up your job
- to stop working (usually because you have reached the maximum working age): retire (from sth); adjective: retired
George has retired from the bank and gone to live in the country. ◎ a retired sea captain ◎ Now I'm retired I want to see the world.
- the act of retiring, or the situation where you have retired and do not work any more: retirement (noun U)
He took early retirement at 55.
- a person who has retired because they have reached retirement age: pensioner
an old-age pensioner
- the money that a pensioner gets from the government or from the employer they worked for: pension
- to voluntarily leave a job: give* up your job, resign (from sth), (informal) quit*
She decided to give up her job. ◎ I'm going to resign. ◎ If your job is so badly paid, why don't you quit?
- the act of resigning: resignation
to give in/hand in your resignation

3 being made to give up your job
- to order an employee to leave his/her job: sack sb, fire sb, (informal) give* sb the sack, (formal) dismiss sb; the act of dismissing sb: dismissal
He was sacked because he was always late for work. ◎ If you're not careful they'll give you the sack. ◎ a case of unfair dismissal
- if sb tells you to leave your job, you (informal) get* the sack
- to order an employee to stop working for a period of time: suspend sb; noun (U/C): suspension
He was suspended on full pay while the investigation was carried out.
- to dismiss sb from work for economic reasons: make* sb redundant; the act of making sb redundant or being made redundant: redundancy
I've been made redundant. ◎ Another 30 redundancies have just been announced.
- not to dismiss sb: keep* sb on
I was lucky to be kept on. Quite a few people lost their jobs.

4 not having a job
- without a paid job: unemployed, out of work
I'm unemployed at the moment. ◎ a decrease in the number out of work
- people without a paid job: the unemployed
- the situation of not having a job: unemployment (noun U)
to have a period of unemployment
- the number of people who are unemployed: unemployment (noun U)
Unemployment is still rising despite the economic recovery.

5 looking for a job
- to write to an employer to say you are interested in a particular job, usually one that has been advertised: apply for sth, put* in for sth
I've decided to apply for that job I told you about. ◎ Why don't you put in for that job?
- a person who applies for a job: applicant
- the process of applying for a job: application
There were over 200 applications for the job. ◎ Have you filled in the application form?
- a piece of paper that states your qualifications, work experience, etc: CV, curriculum vitae
- a statement, usually in the form of a letter written by the current or former employer, that describes your character, ability and experience: reference
They require two references, including one from my present employer.
- the person who writes a reference: referee
Would you be willing to act as my referee?
- a meeting at which sb is asked questions to see if they are suitable for a job: interview
My interview didn't really go very well - I was so nervous.
- to ask a candidate questions about their experience, etc during an interview: interview sb

6 giving sb a job
- a paid job in a company or office: position, post
to apply for the position of assistant sales manager
- a job or a post that is not occupied: vacancy; adjective: vacant
At present we don't have any vacancies. ◎ The post has been vacant for some time.
- to ask sb to take a job: offer sth to sb, offer sb sth
They offered me the job.
- to agree to an offer: take* sth, accept sth
If they offer you the job, will you take it?
- to refuse an offer: turn sth down
He was offered the job, but he turned it down.
- to give sb a job: employ sb (as sth), take* sb on, recruit sb
He's been employed as a chef. ◎ She was taken on as part of the government training scheme. ◎ The company recruits about 30 new members of staff each year.
- to give sb a job for a short time: hire sb
We hire extra staff during the busy summer season.
- to choose sb for a particular post or job: appoint sb (to sth); the new post or job: appointment
A new person has been appointed to the post of Sales Director. ◎ His appointment will take effect from April 1st.
- to become part of a company, office, etc as an employee: join sth
She joined the firm a month after leaving school.
※ MORE ...
- if sb does work for different employers and is paid separately for each piece of work, their work is freelance (adverb freelance)
a freelance journalist/photographer ◎ to do freelance work ◎ She works freelance from home.
- working for yourself and not for another person or company: self-employed
a self-employed window cleaner
- a job or profession for which you are trained and which you do for a long time: career
a career in medicine/teaching
- the money that the government pays to unemployed people: unemployment benefit (noun U), (BrE, informal) dole (noun singular)
- to register officially as sb who is unemployed: sign on, (informal) go* on the dole
When did you sign on? ◎ If you lose your job, you'll have to go on the dole.
- to be officially unemployed: (informal) be on the dole
I've been on the dole for nearly a year.